學習日誌之runaway c的執行及解釋

1.runaway.c的**展示

2.執行例項

3.詳細解釋及知識點

1.runaway.c**如下

/* example of deep recursion */

#include
#include
intrecurse
(int x)
intmain
(int argc,
char
*ar**)

x = 100.  a at 0xbfd3f8b0

x = 99.  a at 0xbfd1f890
x = 98.  a at 0xbfcff870
x = 97.  a at 0xbfcdf850
x = 96.  a at 0xbfcbf830
x = 95.  a at 0xbfc9f810
x = 94.  a at 0xbfc7f7f0
x = 93.  a at 0xbfc5f7d0
x = 92.  a at 0xbfc3f7b0
x = 91.  a at 0xbfc1f790
x = 90.  a at 0xbfbff770
x = 89.  a at 0xbfbdf750
x = 88.  a at 0xbfbbf730
x = 87.  a at 0xbfb9f710
x = 86.  a at 0xbfb7f6f0
x = 85.  a at 0xbfb5f6d0
x = 84.  a at 0xbfb3f6b0
x = 83.  a at 0xbfb1f690
x = 82.  a at 0xbfaff670
x = 81.  a at 0xbfadf650
x = 80.  a at 0xbfabf630
x = 79.  a at 0xbfa9f610
x = 78.  a at 0xbfa7f5f0
x = 77.  a at 0xbfa5f5d0
x = 76.  a at 0xbfa3f5b0
x = 75.  a at 0xbfa1f590
x = 74.  a at 0xbf9ff570
x = 73.  a at 0xbf9df550
x = 72.  a at 0xbf9bf530
x = 71.  a at 0xbf99f510
x = 70.  a at 0xbf97f4f0
x = 69.  a at 0xbf95f4d0
x = 68.  a at 0xbf93f4b0
x = 67.  a at 0xbf91f490
x = 66.  a at 0xbf8ff470
x = 65.  a at 0xbf8df450
x = 64.  a at 0xbf8bf430
x = 63.  a at 0xbf89f410
x = 62.  a at 0xbf87f3f0
x = 61.  a at 0xbf85f3d0
x = 60.  a at 0xbf83f3b0
x = 59.  a at 0xbf81f390
x = 58.  a at 0xbf7ff370
x = 57.  a at 0xbf7df350
x = 56.  a at 0xbf7bf330
x = 55.  a at 0xbf79f310
x = 54.  a at 0xbf77f2f0
x = 53.  a at 0xbf75f2d0
x = 52.  a at 0xbf73f2b0
x = 51.  a at 0xbf71f290
x = 50.  a at 0xbf6ff270
x = 49.  a at 0xbf6df250
x = 48.  a at 0xbf6bf230
x = 47.  a at 0xbf69f210
x = 46.  a at 0xbf67f1f0
x = 45.  a at 0xbf65f1d0
x = 44.  a at 0xbf63f1b0
x = 43.  a at 0xbf61f190
x = 42.  a at 0xbf5ff170
x = 41.  a at 0xbf5df150
x = 40.  a at 0xbf5bf130
x = 39.  a at 0xbf59f110
x = 38.  a at 0xbf57f0f0
段錯誤 (核心已轉儲)

x = 20.  a at 0xbfb0c910

x = 19.  a at 0xbfaec8f0
x = 18.  a at 0xbfacc8d0
x = 17.  a at 0xbfaac8b0
x = 16.  a at 0xbfa8c890
x = 15.  a at 0xbfa6c870
x = 14.  a at 0xbfa4c850
x = 13.  a at 0xbfa2c830
x = 12.  a at 0xbfa0c810
x = 11.  a at 0xbf9ec7f0
x = 10.  a at 0xbf9cc7d0
x = 9.  a at 0xbf9ac7b0
x = 8.  a at 0xbf98c790
x = 7.  a at 0xbf96c770
x = 6.  a at 0xbf94c750
x = 5.  a at 0xbf92c730
x = 4.  a at 0xbf90c710
x = 3.  a at 0xbf8ec6f0
x = 2.  a at 0xbf8cc6d0
x = 1.  a at 0xbf8ac6b0
x = 20.  recurse(x) = -20

知識點

下面的是通用的棧幀結構

乙個c過程的大致結構如下：

-準備階段

·形成幀底： push指令和mov指令

·生成棧幀(如果需要的話) : sub指令或and指令

·儲存現場(如果有被呼叫者儲存暫存器) : mov指令

-過程(函式)體

·分配區域性變數空間，並賦值

·具體處理邏輯，如果遇到函式呼叫時

-準備引數：將實參送棧幀入口引數處

-call指令：儲存返回位址並轉被呼叫函式

·在eax中準備返回引數

-結束階段

下面例舉乙個簡單的遞迴函式

從這個例子中我們可以看到在每次呼叫sum()後都會形成乙個新的幀，會大量消耗棧空間，所以，雖然運用遞迴對我們來說很方便，但它實際上非常浪費空間，能運用for,while,do-while等循壞結構的情況下，最好不要遞迴。

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