qemu img check命令詳解

生產環境上，對計算節點檔案系統修復，導致某些虛機的映象檔案資料丟失，出現異常，最終造成虛機無法啟動，檢視對應計算節點的nova日誌，報如下錯誤

nova-compute: file "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/driver.py", line 2560, in power_on

nova-compute: self._hard_reboot(context, instance, network_info, block_device_info)

nova-compute: file "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/driver.py", line 2449, in _hard_reboot

nova-compute: vifs_already_plugged=true)

nova-compute: file "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/driver.py", line 5191, in _create_domain_and_network

nova-compute: destroy_disks_on_failure)

nova-compute: file "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/oslo_utils/excutils.py", line 220, in __exit__

nova-compute: self.force_reraise()

nova-compute: file "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/oslo_utils/excutils.py", line 196, in force_reraise

nova-compute: six.reraise(self.type_, self.value, self.tb)

nova-compute: file "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/driver.py", line 5163, in _create_domain_and_network

nova-compute: post_xml_callback=post_xml_callback)

nova-compute: file "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/driver.py", line 5081, in _create_domain

nova-compute: guest.launch(pause=pause)

nova-compute: file "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/guest.py", line 145, in launch

nova-compute: self._encoded_xml, errors='ignore')

nova-compute: file "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/oslo_utils/excutils.py", line 220, in __exit__

nova-compute: self.force_reraise()

nova-compute: file "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/oslo_utils/excutils.py", line 196, in force_reraise

nova-compute: six.reraise(self.type_, self.value, self.tb)

nova-compute: file "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/nova/virt/libvirt/guest.py", line 140, in launch

nova-compute: return self._domain.createwithflags(flags)

nova-compute: file "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/eventlet/tpool.py", line 186, in doit

nova-compute: result = proxy_call(self._autowrap, f, *args, **kwargs)

nova-compute: file "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/eventlet/tpool.py", line 144, in proxy_call

nova-compute: rv = execute(f, *args, **kwargs)

nova-compute: file "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/eventlet/tpool.py", line 125, in execute

nova-compute: six.reraise(c, e, tb)

nova-compute: file "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/eventlet/tpool.py", line 83, in tworker

nova-compute: rv = meth(*args, **kwargs)

nova-compute: file "/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/libvirt.py", line 1065, in createwithflags

nova-compute: if ret == -1: raise libvirterror ('virdomaincreatewithflags() failed', dom=self)

nova-compute: libvirterror: internal error: process exited while connecting to monitor: 2020-03-16t01:44:43.128499z

qemu-kvm: -drive file=/os_instance/3dc75704-f729-4c33-865b-313f0e8a8df8/disk,format=qcow2,if=none,id=drive-virtio-disk0,cache=none:

qcow2: image is corrupt; cannot be opened read/write

進入到虛機disk的目錄下，執行qemu-img check disk，檢查映象資料的一致性，發現很多error，執行qemu-img check -r all disk命令，對磁碟映象進行修復，最後重啟虛機即可

qemu-img check [-f fmt] [--output=ofmt] [-r [leaks | all]] filename

對磁碟映象檔案進行一致性檢查，查詢映象檔案中的錯誤，目前僅支援對「qcow2」、「qed」、「vdi」格式檔案的檢查。其中，qcow2是qemu 0.8.3版本引入的映象檔案格式，也是目前使用最廣泛的格式。qed（qemu enhanced disk）是從qemu 0.14版開始加入的增強磁碟檔案格式，為了避免qcow2格式的一些缺點，也為了提高效能，不過目前還不夠成熟。而vdi（virtual disk image）是oracle的virtualbox虛擬機器中的儲存格式。

引數-f fmt是指定檔案的格式，如果不指定格式qemu-img會自動檢測，filename是磁碟映象檔案的名稱（包括路徑）。

如果指定了「-r」，qemu-img將嘗試修復在檢查時發現的任何非一致性。在使用qemu-img check -r 命令執行，最好對磁碟檔案進行備份，-r leaks 僅修復集群損壞。

-r all修復各種型別的錯誤，該命令執行後，會有乙個退出碼，不同的數字，表示不同的檢測結果

0 檢查完成，映象(現在)是一致的

1 檢查由於內部錯誤而未完成

2 檢查完成，映象已損壞

3 檢查完成，映象已洩漏集群，但沒有損壞

63 映象格式不支援檢查

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