Python文字分析及預處理

文字分析的基本功能學習，包括句子切分、單詞切分、大小寫轉化、刪除停用詞、題幹提取、詞性還原。

基本功能學習

#句子切分，單詞切分

import nltk
a=s=nltk.sent_tokenize(a)
print
(s)w=
for i in s:
for j in nltk.word_tokenize(i)
:print
(w)#大小寫轉換
w='china'
print
(w.lower())
print
(w.upper())
#刪除停用詞
#nltk.download('stopwords')
stopwords=nltk.corpus.stopwords.words(
'english'
)#print(stopwords)
a2=w2=
[nltk.word_tokenize(i)
for i in nltk.sent_tokenize(a2.lower())
]print
(w2)
nw=[
]for j in w2:
for i in j:
if i not
in stopwords:
print
(nw)
#題幹提取
from nltk.stem import porterstemmer
print
(porterstemmer(
).stem(
'liking'))
from nltk.stem import lancasterstemmer
print
(lancasterstemmer(
).stem(
'knowing'))
#詞形還原
nltk.download(
'wordnet'
)from nltk.stem import wordnetlemmatizer
print
(wordnetlemmatizer(
).lemmatize(
'cars'
,'n'))
print
(wordnetlemmatizer(
).lemmatize(
'running'
,'v'))
print
(wordnetlemmatizer(
).lemmatize(
'fancier'
,'a'
))

import nltk

stop =
standard_stop =
text =
after_text =
#處理後的文字
file_stop = r'd:\stopwords.txt'
# 停用詞表
file_text = r'd:\before.txt'
# 要處理的英文文字
with
open
(file_stop,
'r',encoding=
'utf-8-sig'
)as f :
lines = f.readlines(
)for line in lines:
lline  = line.strip(
)   
for i in
range(0
,len
(stop)):
for word in stop[i]
.split():
add_stop=
['/'
,'-'
,'@'
,'('
,')'
,','
,'&'
,'.'
,':'
,';'
]#發現結果中有些不需要的符號，於是新增停用詞
standard_stop.extend(add_stop)
with
open
(file_text,
'r',encoding=
'utf-8-sig'
)as f :
lines = f.readlines(
)for line in lines:
s=nltk.sent_tokenize(line)
print
(s)for i in s:
for j in nltk.word_tokenize(i)
:if j not
in  standard_stop:))
print
(after_text)
s = nltk.stem.snowballstemmer(
'english'
)  cleaned_text =
[s.stem(ws)
for ws in after_text]
print
(cleaned_text)
with
open
(r'd:\after.txt'
,'w+'
)as f :
for i in cleaned_text:
f.write(i)

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