Python ConfigParser 注意事項

以這個非常簡單的典型配置檔案為例:

[default]
serveraliveinterval = 45
compression = yes
compressionlevel = 9
forwardx11 = yes
[bitbucket.org]
user = hg
[topsecret.server.com]
port = 50022
forwardx11 = no

1、config parser 操作跟dict 類似，在資料訪問方法基本一致

>> import configparser
>>> config = configparser.configparser()
>>> config.sections()
>>> config.read('example.ini')
['example.ini']
>>> config.sections()
['bitbucket.org', 'topsecret.server.com']
>>> 'bitbucket.org' in config
true
>>> 'bytebong.com' in config
false
>>> config['bitbucket.org']['user']
'hg'
>>> config['default']['compression']
'yes'
>>> topsecret = config['topsecret.server.com']
>>> topsecret['forwardx11']
'no'
>>> topsecret['port']
'50022'
>>> for key in config['bitbucket.org']: print(key)
...user
compressionlevel
serveraliveinterval
compression
forwardx11
>>> config['bitbucket.org']['forwardx11']
'yes'

[****** values] key=value spaces in keys=allowed spaces in values=allowed as well spaces around the delimiter = obviously you can also use : to delimit keys from values [all values are strings] values like this: 1000000 or this: 3.14159265359 are they treated as numbers? : no integers, floats and booleans are held as: strings can use the api to get converted values directly: true [multiline values] chorus: i'm a lumberjack, and i'm okay i sleep all night and i work all day [no values] key_without_value empty string value here = [you can use comments] # like this ; or this # by default only in an empty line. # inline comments can be harmful because they prevent users # from using the delimiting characters as parts of values. # that being said, this can be customized. [sections can be indented] can_values_be_as_well = true does_that_mean_anything_special = false purpose = formatting for readability multiline_values = are handled just fine as long as they are indented deeper than the first line of a value

# did i mention we can indent comments, too?

常見做法：

config.write(open（'example.ini', 'w'）)

合理做法：

with open('example.ini', 'w') as configfile:
config.write(configfile)

configparser 在get 時會自動過濾掉『#』或『;『注釋的行（內容）;

一般情況下我們手工會把配置中的暫時不需要的用『#『注釋,問題在於，configparser 在wirte的時候同file object行為一致，如果將注釋』#『的配置經過get後，再wirte到conf,那麼』#『的配置就會丟失。

那麼就需要乙個策略或規則，配置需不需要手工編輯？還是建立複雜的對原生文字的處理的東西，我建議是管住手，避免將一些重要的配置爆露給使用者編輯，切記行內注釋和section內注釋。

有乙個相對簡單的方法是：

對單獨在一行的**，你可以在讀入前把"#", ";"換成其他字元如』@』,或『^』（在其bat等其他語言中用的注釋符易於理解），使用allow_no_value選項，這樣注釋會被當成配置儲存下來，處理後你再把「#」, ";"換回來。

在configparser write之後，配置文字如果有大寫字母』product』會變為小寫字母』product』，並不影響配置的正確讀寫。

待續。。。。。。

Python ConfigParser 注意事項

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