qt 編碼設定
1.qt creator -> 工具 -> 選項 -> 環境 -> 語言
qt creator本身介面的語言選擇
與cpp檔案編碼無關,與可執行檔案顯示編碼無關
重新打qt creator 此設定才能生效
這個唯一選擇
2.qt creator -> 工具 -> 選項 -> 環境 -> 預設檔案編碼
決定cpp檔案編碼
不同平台下,此設定要相同,如果不同,cpp檔案會有好多亂碼,且不能被編輯,但不影響編譯;
重新打qt creator 此設定才能生效
這個推薦選,因為linux下是這個;
如果不同:
選擇《根據編碼重新載入》這步選擇檔案的原始編碼
再《根據編碼儲存》這步選擇目標編碼
3.qtextcodec::setcodecfortr(qtextcodec::codecforname("utf-8"));
只與這個相關qstring str = tr("中文");
注意,相關的是轉換過程,qstring本身是unicode,不會影響到qstring
這個必須和<2. qt creator -> 工具 -> 選項 -> 環境 -> 預設檔案編碼》相同
推薦選4.
qtextcodec::setcodecforcstrings(qtextcodec::codecforname("utf-8"));
只與這個相關qstring str = qstring("中文");
注意,相關的是轉換過程,qstring本身是unicode,不會影響到qstring
這個必須和<2. qt creator -> 工具 -> 選項 -> 環境 -> 預設檔案編碼》相同
推薦選5.qtextcodec::setcodecforlocale(qtextcodec::codecforname("utf-8"));
只與這個相關qstring str = qstring::fromlocal8bit("中文");
以上2個最好都不用,用以下的
// 常規做法舉例之gb2312 ,注意"utf-16"的輸入是要帶bom的
qtextcodec *pcodec = qtextcodec::codecforname("gb2312");// "utf-8", "utf-16"
gb2312轉qstring: pcodec->tounicode();
qstring轉gb2312: pcodec->fromunicode();
// 另外qstring類分別針對"utf-8", "utf-16"做了專門的函式, 當然結果同常規做法是一樣的,例子如下:
// unicode(utf8)(3個位元組/漢字, 1個位元組/字母)
utf-8轉qstring: qstring::fromutf8();
qstring轉utf-8: qstring.toutf8();
// unicode(utf16) unicode(ucs2) unicode(iso-10646-ucs-2) 2個位元組/字元,也是windows記事本裡那個unicode
// qt中表示utf-16要用ushot,不要用wchar_t(wchar_t大小根據編譯器而定)
utf-16轉qstring: qstring::fromutf16(); 這個帶2個位元組的bom頭; [0xff 0xfe](61,00) [0xfe 0xff](00,61)
qstring轉utf-16: qstring.utf16(); 返回以0結尾的ushot陣列
7.文字檔案的編碼
windows平台文字檔案有bom
ansi:沒有檔案頭,2位元組/漢字,1位元組/英文
utf-8:檔案頭[0xef,0xbb,0xbf],3位元組/漢字,1位元組/英文
unicode:檔案頭[0xff,0xfe],2位元組/漢字,2位元組/英文
unicode big endian :檔案頭[0xfe,0xff],同unicode,位元組序相反
linux平台utf-8和gb2312檔案都沒有bom
linux平台utf-16同windows一樣,有bom且相同
8.("gbk", "cp936", "ms936", "windows-936", "roman8", "hp-roman8", "cshproman8", "tis-620", "iso 8859-11",
"cp1257", "windows-1256", "cp1256", "windows-1255", "cp1255", "windows-1254", "cp1254", "windows-1253",
"cp1253", "windows-1252", "cp1252", "windows-1251", "cp1251", "windows-1250", "cp1250", "ibm866", "cp866",
"csibm866", "ibm874", "cp874", "ibm850", "cp850", "cspc850multilingual", "iso-8859-16", "iso-ir-226", "latin10",
"iso-8859-14", "iso-ir-199", "latin8", "iso-celtic", "iso-8859-13", "iso-8859-10", "iso-ir-157", "latin6", "iso-8859-
10:1992", "csisolatin6", "iso-8859-9", "iso-ir-148", "latin5", "csisolatin5", "iso-8859-8", "iso 8859-8-i", "iso-ir-
138", "hebrew", "csisolatinhebrew", "iso-8859-7", "ecma-118", "greek", "iso-ir-126", "csisolatingreek", "iso-
8859-6", "iso-8859-6-i", "ecma-114", "asmo-708", "arabic", "iso-ir-127", "csisolatinarabic", "iso-8859-5",
"cyrillic", "iso-ir-144", "csisolatincyrillic", "iso-8859-4", "latin4", "iso-ir-110", "csisolatin4", "iso-8859-3", "latin3",
"iso-ir-109", "csisolatin3", "iso-8859-2", "latin2", "iso-ir-101", "csisolatin2", "koi8-u", "koi8-ru", "koi8-r",
"cskoi8r", "utf-8", "iso-8859-1", "latin1", "cp819", "ibm819", "iso-ir-100", "csisolatin1", "iso-8859-15", "latin9",
"utf-32le", "utf-32be", "utf-32", "utf-16le", "utf-16be", "utf-16", "system", "iscii-mlm", "iscii-knd", "iscii-
tlg", "iscii-tml", "iscii-ori", "iscii-gjr", "iscii-pnj", "iscii-bng", "iscii-dev", "tscii", "gb18030", "gb2312", "euc-jp",
"iso-2022-jp", "shift_jis", "jis7", "sjis", "ms_kanji", "euc-kr", "cp949", "big5", "big5-hkscs", "big5-eten",
"cp950")
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