首先使用內建模組os.
>>> import os
>>> code = os.system("pwd && sleep 2")
# /user/zhipeng
>>> print code
# 0問題是 os.system 只能獲取到結束狀態
使用內建模組 subprocess
>>> import subprocess
>>> subprocess.popen("pwd && sleep 2", shell=true, cwd="/home")
# # /home
>>> sub = subpro程式設計客棧cess.popen("pwd && sleep 2", shell=true, stdout=subprcess.pipe)
>>> sub.wait()
>>> print sub.stdou程式設計客棧t.read()
# /user/zhipeng
subprocess.popen還支援一些別的引數
bufsize,executable=none, stdin=none, stdout=none, stderr=none
preexec_fn=none, close_fds=false, shell=false, cwd=none, env=none
universal_newlines=false, startupinfo=none, creationflags=0
使用第三方模組 sh
# pip install sh
>>> from sh import ifconfig
>>> print ifconfig("eth0")
>>> from sh import bash
>>> bash("pwd")
traceback (most recent call last):
file "", line 1, in
file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 1021, in __call__
return runningcommand(cmd, call_args, stdin, stdout, stderr)
file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 486, in __init__
self.wait()
file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 500, in wait
self.handle_command_exit_code(exit_code)
file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 516, in handle_command_exit_code
raise exc(self.ran, self.process.stdout, self.process.stderr)
sh.errorreturncode_126:
ran: '/bin/bash ls'
stdout:
stderr:
/bin/ls: /bin/ls: cannot execute binary file
# 不能這麼用
>>> from sh import ls
>>> ls()
# hello.txt 1.txt
# ls -al
>>> ls(a=true, l=true)
# ls(al=true) 是不可以的
這操作太複雜了, 專案中使用也太糟心了, 也沒有辦法多個命令同時用.不過可以用別的方式代替
# bash -c command 可以很好的解決這個問題
# bash -c "sleep 1 && pwd"
>>> result = bash(c="pwd", _timeout=1, _cwd="/home")
>>> print result
# -rw-r--r--@ 1 zhipeng staff 0 10 13 18:30 hello.txt
# -rw-r--r--@ 1 zhipeng staff 0 10 13 18:30 1.txt
>>> result = bash(c="pwd", _timeout=1, _cwd="/")
>>> print result
# />>> bash(c="pwd && sleep 2", _timeout=1)
traceback (most recent call last):
file "", line 1, in
file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 1021, in __call__
return runningcomhlhatqmand(cmd, call_args, stdin, stdout, stderr)
file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 486, in __init__
self.wait()
file "/library/python/2.7/site-packages/sh.py", line 498, in wait
raise timeoutexception(-exit_code)
sh.timeoutexception
引數裡面可以新增非命令引數. 需要以_開頭, 例如上面的_timeout, _cwd. 詳見sh.py 原始碼
還支援以下引數
internal_bufsize, err_bufsize, tee, done, in, decode_errors, tty_in,
out, cwd, timeout_signal, bg, timeout, with, ok_code, err, env, no_out,
參考：本文標題: python 執行 shell 獲取輸出結果的例項
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