sql server 2005開始，我們可以直接通過cte來支援遞迴查詢,cte即公用表表示式
公用表表示式（cte），是乙個在查詢中定義的臨時命名結果集將在from子句中使用它。每個cte僅被定義一次（但在其作用域內可以被引用任意次），並且在該查詢生存期間將一直生存。可以使用cte來執行遞迴操作。建立的語法是：
with ()
as(
) select * from 生成資料
--選單目錄結構表
create table tb_menu(
id int not null, --主鍵id
title varchar(50), --標題
parent int --parent id
); --父選單
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(1, '父選單1',null);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(2, '父選單2',null);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(3, '父選單3',null);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(4, '父選單4',null);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(5, '父選單5',null);
--一級選單
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(6, '一級選單6',1);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(7, '一級選單7',1);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(8, '一級選單8',1);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(9, '一級選單9',2);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(10, '一級選單10',2);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(11, '一級選單11',2);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(12, '一級選單12',3);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(13, '一級選單13',3);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(14, '一級選單14',3);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(15, '一級選單15',4);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(16, '一級選單16',4);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(17, '一級選單17',4);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(18, '一級選單18',5);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(19, '一級選單19',5);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(20, '一級選單20',5);
--二級選單
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(21, '二級選單21',6);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(22, '二級選單22',6);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(23, '二級選單23',7);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(24, '二級選單24',7);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(25, '二級選單25',8);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(26, '二級選單26',9);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(27, '二級選單27',10);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(28, '二級選單28',11);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(29, '二級選單29',12);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(30, '二級選單30',13);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(31, '二級選單31',14);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(32, '二級選單32',15);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(33, '二級選單33',16);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(34, '二級選單34',17);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(35, '二級選單35',18);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(36, '二級選單36',19);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(37, '二級選單37',20);
--**選單
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(38, '**選單38',21);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(39, '**選單39',22);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(40, '**選單40',23);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(41, '**選單41',24);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(42, '**選單42',25);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(43, '**選單43',26);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(44, '**選單44',27);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(45, '**選單45',28);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(46, '**選單46',28);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(47, '**選單47',29);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(48, '**選單48',30);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(49, '**選單49',31);
insert into tb_menu(id, title, parent) values(50, '**選單50',31);
commit;
2.查詢所有上級節點
--查詢樹狀結構某節點(44)的上級所有根節點
with cte_parent(id,title,parent)
as (
--起始條件
select id,title,parent
from tb_menu
where id = 44 --列出子節點查詢條件
union all
--遞迴條件
select a.id,a.title,a.parent
from tb_menu a
inner join
cte_parent b --執行遞迴，這裡就要理解下了
on a.id=b.parent
)
select * from cte_parent;
3.查詢下級節點帶level
--查詢樹狀結構某節點下的所有子節點(
with cte_child(id,title,parent,level)
as (
--起始條件
select id,title,parent,0 as level
from tb_menu
where id = 6--列出父節點查詢條件
union all
--遞迴條件
select a.id,a.title,a.parent,b.level+1
from tb_menu a
inner join
cte_child b
on ( a.parent=b.id)
) select * from cte_child;
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