1、manager.raw(raw_query, params=none, translations=none)
... print(p)
john smith
jane jones
這個方法接受乙個原始的sql查詢，執行它，並返回乙個django.db.models.query。rawqueryset例項。這個rawqueryset例項可以像普通的queryset一樣遍歷，以提供物件例項。
（1）字段匹配
>>> person.objects.raw('''select first as first_name,
... last as last_name,
... bd as birth_date,
... pk as id,
... from some_other_table''')
>>> name_map =
>>> person.objects.raw('select * from some_other_table', translations=name_map)
... print(p.first_name, # this will be retrieved by the original query
... p.last_name) # this will be retrieved on demand
...john smith
jane jones
（3）執行帶引數sql
字串用%s佔位符
字典用%(key)s佔位符
>>> lname = 'doe'>>> person.objects.raw(query)
（4）引數不能用引號包裹
2、通過connection.cursor()執行sql
物件django.db.connection表示預設的資料庫連線。要使用資料庫連線，請呼叫connection.cursor()來獲得乙個游標物件。然後呼叫cursor.execute(sql， [params])方法以執行sql
cursor.fetchone()或cursor.fetchall()以返回結果行。
from django.db import connection
def my_custom_sql(self):
with connection.cursor() as cursor:
cursor.execute("update bar set foo = 1 where baz = %s", [self.baz])
cursor.execute("select foo from bar where baz = %s", [self.baz])
row = cursor.fetchone()
return row
cursor.execute("select foo from bar where baz = '30%%' and id = %s", [self.id])用字典或命名元組
def dictfetchall(cursor):
"return all rows from a cursor as a dict"
columns = [col[0] for col in cursor.description]
return [
dict(zip(columns, row))
for row in cursor.fetchall()
]
from collections import namedtuple
def namedtuplefetchall(cursor):
"return all rows from a cursor as a namedtuple"
desc = cursor.description
nt_result = namedtuple('result', [col[0] for col in desc])
return [nt_result(*row) for row in cursor.fetchall()]
>>> cursor.execute("select id, parent_id from test limit 2");
>>> dictfetchall(cursor)
[, ]
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