python學習：字典
1.字典是一系列鍵-值對。每個鍵都與乙個值相關聯，可以通過鍵來訪問相應的值。與鍵相關聯的值可以是數字、字串、列表、字典或者任何的python物件。
2.python不關心字典中鍵-值對的儲存順序，只關心鍵和值之間的關聯關係。也就是不能像列表中一樣通過角標來訪問鍵-值對。
3.使用字典，包括建立字典、訪問字典中的值、新增鍵-值對、修改字典中的值、刪除鍵-值對。
# 建立5個字典，描述某公司員工情況
employee_0 =
employee_1 =
employee_2 =
employee_3 =
employee_4 =
# 建立字典列表
employees =
[employee_0, employee_1, employee_2, employee_3, employee_4]
# 建立空字典，待使用者輸入
employee =
while
true
: employee[
'name']=
input
("please give the empolyee's name: "
)if employee[
'name']==
'':break
employee[
'age']=
input
("please give the empolyee's age: "
)if employee[
'age']==
'':break
employee[
'age']=
int(employee[
'age'])
employee[
'***']=
input
("please give the empolyee's ***: "
)if employee[
'***']==
'':break
employee[
'position']=
input
("please give the empolyee's position: "
)if employee[
'position']==
'':break
employee[
'score']=
input
("please give the empolyee's score: "
)if employee[
'score']==
'':break
employee[
'score']=
int(employee[
'score'])
end_of_input =
input
("do you want to continue? (y/n) "
)if end_of_input.lower()!=
'y':
break
# 按一定格式輸出列表中的字典元素
print
("\nname age *** position score "
)employee_num =
len(employees)
while employee_num:
employee_num -=
1print
( employees[employee_num]
['name']+
" "
+str
(employees[employee_num]
['age'])
+" "
+ employees[employee_num]
['***']+
" "
+ employees[employee_num]
['position']+
" "
+str
(employees[employee_num]
['score'])
+" "
)employee_num =
len(employees)
while employee_num:
employee_num -=
1print
("\nemployee "
+str
(employee_num)
)for key, value in employees[employee_num]
.items():
if key ==
'age'
or key ==
'score'
:print
(key +
": "
+str
(value)
)else
:print
(key +
": "
+ value)
# 輸出列表中包含哪些員工資訊
keys =[''
]employee_num =
len(employees)
while employee_num:
employee_num -=
1for key_temp in employees[employee_num]
.keys():
keys_num =
0for key in keys:
if key_temp != key:
keys_num +=
1if keys_num ==
len(keys)
:keys.pop(0)
print
(keys)
# 找員工中是否有jack
names =
employee_num =
len(employees)
while employee_num:
employee_num -=
1for name in employees[employee_num]
.values():
if name ==
'jack'
:print
(names)
# 列出所有員工評分
scores =
employee_num =
len(employees)
while employee_num:
employee_num -=1[
'score'])
scores.sort(reverse =
true
)score_temp =
0for score in scores:
if score == score_temp:
scores.remove(score)
score_temp = score
print
(scores)
# 把員工按評分順序排列
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