Oracle 建立函式與儲存過程語句積累

1.

建立乙個返回字串的函式

create or replace function get_hello_msg 

return varchar2 as
begin 
return 'hello world';
end get_hello_msg;

檢視函式的型別和狀態

select object_name, object_type, status from user_objects where lower(object_name)='get_hello_msg';

user_source用於查詢資料庫中定義的函式和儲存過程的**

select name,type,line,text from user_source where lower(name)='get_hello_msg';

select get_hello_msg() from dual;

2. 建立乙個獲得稅收的函式

create or replace

function get_tax(p_salary number)
return number as
begin
declare tax_salary number;
begin
tax_salary := p_salary - 2000;
if tax_salary<=0 then
return 0;
end if;
if tax_salary<=500 then
return tax_salary*5/100;
end if;
if tax_salary<=2000 then
return tax_salary*10/100 - 25;
end if;
if tax_salary<=5000 then
return tax_salary*15/100 - 125;
end if;
if tax_salary<=20000 then
return tax_salary*20/100 - 375;
end if;
if tax_salary<= 40000 then
return tax_salary*25/100 - 1375;
end if;
if tax_salary<= 60000 then
return tax_salary*30/100 - 3375;
end if;
end;
end get_tax;

函式的呼叫：

select get_tax(6000) tax from dual;

3：乙個表中含有學生姓名字段，為了獲得所有學生姓名，必須要對資料表中的資料迴圈處理，以獲得每個學生的姓名，並將所有學生姓名

的字串串聯起來，可以建立乙個函式來處理該過程。

create or replace 

function get_student_string
return varchar2
asbegin
declare cursor cu_student is
select student_name from students       
order by student_id;
student_nane varchar2(10);
rowstring varchar2(500);
begin
open cu_student;
fetch cu_student into student_name;  //將游標所指向的當前記錄的資料賦值給student_name
while cu_student%found loop       //用於迴圈處理游標所指向的記錄
rowstring:=rowstring || student_name || ', ';
fetch cu_student into student_name;
end loop;
return substr(rowstring, 1, length(rowstring) - 1);
end;
end get_student_string;

4：儲存過程

create or replace procedure update_students

as   begin
update students set student_age=10;
commit;
end update_students;

select object_name, object_type, status from user_objects where lower(object_name)='update_students';

select * from user_source where lower(name)='update_students';
execute update_students;

5：儲存過程-in引數

create or replace

procedure update_students(in_age in number) as
begin
update student set student_age=in_age;
commit;
end update_students;

6：儲存過程-out引數

create or replace 

procedure update_students(in_age in number, out_age out number) as
begin
update students set student_age=in_age;
select student_age into out_age from students where student_id=1;
commit;
end update_students;

利用in out引數來交換兩個變數的值

create or replace procedure swap(in_out_param1 in out number, in_out_param2 in out number)

as begin
declare param number;
begin
param:=in_out_param1;
in_out_param1 := in_out_param2;
in_out_param2 := param;
end;
end;

8: 以檢視user_objects中的資料為例子，將其作為源表，建立新錶target

create table target (object_id number, object_name varchar2(30), object_type varchar2(30), previous_name varchar2(30),

status varchar2(30));

利用儲存過程來解決這個問題。

create or replace procedure insert_objects as

begin
declare
cursor cu_objects is
select * from user_objects order by object_id;
obj user_objects%rowtype;
previous_name user_objects.object_name%type;
begin
open cu_objects;
fetch cu_objects into obj;
while cu_objects%found loop
insert into target
values
(obj.object_id,
obj.object_name,
obj.object_type,
previous_name,
obj.status
);previous_name := obj.object_name;
fetch cu_objects into obj;
end loop;
end;
end insert_objects;

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